Genes Essential For Growth And/or Cisplatin-resistance Of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Were Identify Using A Pooled Genome-wide ShRNA Library Screen Approach. Briefly, C666-1 Cells Were Transduced With LentiPlex® Human Pooled ShRNA Library Containing More Than 81,000 ShRNA Constructs Targeting More Than 16,000 Human Genes (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) To Obtain A Single Viral Infection Per Cell, Left To Grow For 48 H Post-transduction Followed By Puromycin Selection (3 μg/mL For 4 Days) And Expanded Into Culture Plates For The Experiments. To Screen For Genes Associated With Proliferation, The Selected Cells Were Grown In Duplicates In 10 Cm Plates Seeded At 2 Million Cells Per Plate For An Additional 3 And 10 Days With Fresh Medium Without Puromycin. To Identify Genes Associated With Cisplatin Sensitivity, A Parallel Set Of ShRNA Library Transduced Cells Were Grown For 3 Days With Fresh Media With Cisplatin At A Dose 42.5 μM (which Was The IC50 Value For Cisplatin Of The Cells). DNA Was Then Harvested From The Cells And ShRNA Sequences Present In Each Sample Were Determined By Massively Parallel Sequencing For ShRNA And Screen Data Analysis. ShRNA With A Read Count Of Zero Was Excluded From The Analysis. Read Counts Per ShRNA In 3-day Vs. 10-day Samples (or Vs. 3-day Cisplatin Treatment For Cisplatin Sensitivity) Were Log2 Transformed And Normalized Using Non-linear Regression Via The ShRNAseq R Package. Hit Identification Was Performed Using A ShRNAseq Score Threshold Of ≥2 Or ≤ −2, And Were Targeted By At Least Two Independent ShRNAs. Please See Details In The Published Article (PMID: 33587980): Https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304383521000707 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.006
The Caregivers Of Cancer Patients Suffer From Psychological Distress Which Ultimately Affects Their Quality Of Life (QOL) With Increasing Burden Of Treatment Over The Cancer Patients. A US Institute Medicine Report Stated That Measurement Of QOL Is Needed For Public Accountability, Internal Quality Improvement And Research On Effectiveness Of Interventions To Improve Outcomes In Patient With Life Threatening Illness And Their Families (Cheung 2019-6). Majority Of The Published Studies On The Association Between Caregivers’ QOL And Socio-demography Have Been Conducted On Caucasian Populations (Chamber Et Al., 2013). The Finding Of Those Studies May Not Be Directly Applicable To The Malaysian Population Due To Different Socio-cultural And Ethnic Background. To The Best Our Knowledge, To Date, No Other Validated Disease-specific Instrument In Malay Available To Evaluate QOL Of Caregiver With Advanced Cancer Patients And Factors That Associate With It. OBJECTIVES 1) To Validate Malay-CQOLC On Content Validity Among Caregivers Of Advanced Cancer Patients 2) To Validate Malay-CQOLC On Construct Validity Among Caregivers Of Advanced Cancer Patients 3) To Validate Malay-CQOLC On Feasibility And Reliability Among Caregivers Of Advanced Cancer Patients MATERIALS & METHODS: This Is A Cross-sectional Study Performed From September 2022 To April 2024. A Total Of 310 Cancer Caregivers From Cancer Centre In Johor Participated In The Study. The Malay-CQOLC Scale Has 35 Items Consist Of 4 Domains Namely Burden, Positive Adaptation, Disruptiveness And Financial Concern. All Socio-demographic Data And QOL Profile Were Evaluated Descriptively. Internal Consistency And Construct Validity Was Determined By Cronbach’s Alpha And Principle Axis Factoring Extraction Test Respectively.